{"id":251,"date":"2009-04-28T22:05:47","date_gmt":"2009-04-29T03:05:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/healingmusicenterprises.com\/blog\/?p=251"},"modified":"2016-03-06T09:38:58","modified_gmt":"2016-03-06T14:38:58","slug":"study-suggest-that-musical-training-can-shape-brain-development","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/healingmusicenterprises.com\/blog\/2009\/04\/study-suggest-that-musical-training-can-shape-brain-development\/","title":{"rendered":"Study suggests that musical training can shape brain development!"},"content":{"rendered":"

Commentary from Lutz J\u00e4ncke<\/strong>\u00a0(Thanks to Dr. Ellen Taliaferro for sharing this study with me)<\/p>\n

This study supports my own interpretation of the brain’s capability for experience-dependent influences<\/strong><\/p>\n

on brain anatomy and function. In concrete, this study demonstrates that 6-year-old children receiving<\/strong><\/p>\n

instrumental musical training for 15 months not only learned to play their\u00a0musical instrument<\/span>\u00a0but also<\/strong><\/p>\n

showed changed anatomical features in brain areas known to be involved in the control of playing a<\/strong><\/p>\n

musical instrument. This is the first\u00a0longitudinal study<\/span>\u00a0demonstrating\u00a0brain plasticity<\/span>\u00a0in children in the<\/strong><\/p>\n

context of learning to play a musical instrument.<\/strong><\/p>\n

One of the major questions in\u00a0cognitive neuroscience<\/span>\u00a0is whether the\u00a0human brain<\/span>\u00a0can be shaped by experience.<\/p>\n

In order to examine use-dependent plasticity of the human brain, mostly\u00a0cross-sectional studies<\/span>\u00a0are undertaken<\/p>\n

comparing subjects with specific skills with appropriate control groups. A classical approach is to compare highly<\/p>\n

skilled musicians, sportsmen, or subjects with other exceptional skills (e.g.\u00a0synesthesia<\/span>) with control subjects<\/p>\n

using neuroanatomical and neurophysiological measures (please see refs\u00a0[1]\u00a0and\u00a0[2], on which I am an author,<\/p>\n

and refs\u00a0[3,4]). Using this approach, several anatomical differences have been identified which can be attributed<\/p>\n

to the specific training influences these particular subjects have experienced. However, although these cross-<\/p>\n

sectional studies have uncovered several important findings, cross-sectional approaches are not valid enough to<\/p>\n

attribute the discovered between-group differences entirely to different learning influences. The only experimental<\/p>\n

approach which is suitable to more validly identify experience-dependent influences in humans is the<\/p>\n

longitudinal experimental approach. Using this approach, the authors of this paper have examined 31 children<\/p>\n

(with a mean age of 6 years) during the course of a 15-month period. Fifteen of these kids received musical<\/p>\n

instrument training (a weekly half-hour training outside the school system) while the 16 remaining kids did not<\/p>\n

attend these classes. However, all kids received the regular\u00a0music lessons<\/span>\u00a0in their school, including playing with<\/p>\n

drums and bells. Thus, the 15 kids receiving\u00a0keyboard lessons<\/span>\u00a0only differed in this particular feature. It turned<\/p>\n

out that these kids showed increased brain volumes in several brain areas after 15 months. Most of these brain<\/p>\n

areas are part of the cortical motor system. There were also structural changes in the\u00a0auditory system<\/span>. Taken<\/p>\n

together, this study is the first longitudinal study in children demonstrating structural changes in children<\/p>\n

receiving instrumental musical training. Thus, this study sheds new light on the plasticity of the human brain.<\/p>\n

Faculty of 1000<\/span>\u00a0Medicine: Evaluations, Dissents and Author responses for: [Hyde KL et al. Musical training<\/p>\n

shapes structural\u00a0brain development<\/span>.\u00a0J Neurosci<\/em>\u00a02009 Mar 11 29 (10) :3019-25] 2009 Apr 1.<\/p>\n

www.f1000medicine.com\/article\/id\/1157746\/evaluationRELATED ARTICLES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Articles<\/strong><\/p>\n

A Computerized Test Battery Sensitive to Mild and<\/p>\n

Severe Brain Injury<\/span><\/p>\n

Implantation of a Responsive Neurostimulator Device<\/p>\n

In Patients with Refractory Epilepsy<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Commentary from Lutz J\u00e4ncke\u00a0(Thanks to Dr. Ellen Taliaferro for sharing this study with me) This study supports my own interpretation of the brain’s capability for experience-dependent influences on brain anatomy and function. 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